Nirva Institute · Astrocytes · Disease & Medicine
Astrocytes and Neuroinflammation
The reactive astrocyte and its many phenotypes.
Reactive astrocytes are a heterogeneous population that responds to diverse insults. The field has moved beyond binary A1/A2 categorization toward a nuanced description of context-specific phenotypes.
§ 1
Modern nomenclature
A 2021 consensus recommends context-specific, multi-parameter classification of reactive astrocytes rather than binary labels.190
§ 2
When reactivity harms
Certain reactive states can be neurotoxic and contribute to neurodegeneration.189
Scientific References
Primary literature
AMA numeric style. Citation numbers are unified across the Nirva Life ecosystem — the same number refers to the same reference across every library article. Full registry is anchored in the Cornerstone Paper.
- 189.Liddelow SA, Guttenplan KA, Clarke LE, et al. Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia. Nature. 2017;541(7638):481-487. PubMed ↗
- 190.Escartin C, Galea E, Lakatos A, et al. Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions. Nat Neurosci. 2021;24(3):312-325. PubMed ↗
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